The agricultural landscapes are increasingly dominating the tropical region and continue to encroach upon remaining forest lands mostly due to ever increasing global population and subsequent demands for food. Agricultural landscape constitutes about three times more land cover globally than protected area network (Approximately 38% vs. 13%). Agroforestry systems (those that intentionally combine trees within the cultivation of crops and/or rearing of animals) have particularly high conservation potential, due to their structural complexity, high floristic diversity and close resemblance to forest ecosystems. Effective management of such biodiversity benefits agriculture in terms of productivity, overall sustainability and resilience to climate extremes, sustainable improvement in food and nutrition security, pollination and natural pest control. Biodiversity conservation approaches in the Himalayan region are mainly focused on establishment of protected areas, forest reserves and conservation zones. The present study is an attempt to understand the role of cultivated ecosystems in biodiversity conservation with reference to key taxa in an important part of biodiversity hotspot of Himalayas. Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalaya falls under the Eastern Himalaya sub-region of Himalaya biographic region of India at the convergence of various bio-geographical realms and regions. The project aim to conduct ethnographic surveys, focus group discussions and key informant surveys on assessment of ecosystem services, climate change, agro-biodiversity, land use changes and the impacts on biodiversity as perceived by communities. We will develop human resources from local communities and stakeholders in documentation, monitoring and identification techniques with reference to above taxa. The proposal has component to organise series of stakeholder consultations at the village and block levels for preparing policy and management input documents (village/local cluster level). We will also build a Mountain Biodiversity Database and Information System using the experience of India Biodiversity Portal. This will be an open access web based portal that will ensure the participation of all stakeholders in the landscape.